Early cybernetics: Gregory Bateson ; Norbert Wiener ; Warren McCulloch ; Margaret Mead ; W. Ross Ashby
General systems theory: Ludwig von Bertalanffy ; Kenneth Boulding ; Geoffrey Vickers ; Howard Odum
System dynamics: Jay Forrester ; Donella Meadows ; Peter Senge
Soft and critical systems: C. West Churchman ; Russell Ackoff ; Peter Checkland ; Werner Ulrich ; Michael Jackson
Later cybernetics: Heinz von Foerster ; Stafford Beer ; Humberto Maturana ; Niklas Luhmann ; Paul Watzlawick
Complexity theory: Ilya Prigogine ; Stuart Kauffman ; James Lovelock
Learning systems: Kurt Lewin ; Eric Trist ; Chris Argyris ; Donald Schön ; Mary Catherine Bateson.
