The World turned upside down: Indian voices from early America

Foreword

Preface

List of Illustrations

Introduction: Times are altered with us Indians

A world of changes

Indians in Colonial America

Sources of Indian History: weighing the evidence

Voices from the shore

The Creation of the world

John Norton, Iroquois creation story, ca. 1816

The Creeks come to the homeland

Chekilli, origin of the Creek Confederacy, 1735

A dream of strangers

Josiah Jeremy, The floating island, 1869

Meeting the Dutch at Manhatten

John Heckwelder, the arrival of the Dutch, ca. 1765

What can you get by Warre

Powhaten, speech to Captain John Smith, 1609

The coming of a strange race

Josiah Quinney, July 4 speech, 1854

Cultural conflists, contests, and confluences

A Native American theological debate

John Eliot, a dialogue between Piumbukhou and his unconventional relatives, ca. 1671

A Micmac questions French civilization

Chrestien LeClerqm a Micmac responds to the French, ca. 1677

An Indian woman bequeths her property

Naomai Omaush, Will, 1749

Autobiography of an Indian Minister

Samson Occom, a short narrative of my life, 1768.

Letters of a Narragansett family

Sarah Simon, letter to Eleazar Wheelock, 1767

Sarah Simon (the daughter), letter to Eleazar Wheelock, 1769

Daniel Simon, letter to Eleazar Wheelock, 1771

The Iroquois reject Wheelock's benevolence

Speech of the Oneida Headman, 1772

Speech of the Onondaga Council, 1772

A Delaware mouthpiece

Joseph Pepee, response to the unconverted Delawares, 1772

The white women of the Genesee

Mary Jamison, a narrative of her life, 1824

Land, trade and treaties

Submission to Old England

Naragansett Indians, Act of Submission, 1644

Two land deeds form Maine

Nanuddemance, deed to John Parker, June 14, 1659

Jane of Scarborough, deed to Andrew and Arthur Alger, September 19, 1659

Indian land clainms disputed

Mittark, Agreement of Gy Head Indians not to sell land to the English, 1681

The River Indians answer Govenor Burnet

Mahican Indians, reply to William Burnet, Govenor of New Your, 1722

The alienation of Natchexz

Antoine le Page du Pratz, reply of the stung serpent, 1723

The Casco Bay Treaty

Loron Sauguaarum, an account of negotiations leading to the Casco Bay Treaty, 1727

The Walking Purchase: A Delaware complaine and an Iroquois response

Delaware Indians, complaine against the Walking Purchase, November 21, 1740.

Canasatego, response to the Delawares' complaint, July 12, 1742

A guardian system for the Indian lands

Indians at Mashpee, petition to the Massachusetts General Court, June 11, 1752

Resolving conflicts with Colonial neighbors

King Hagler (Nopkehe) reply to Colonists' complaints, 1754

Colonists encroach on the Stanwix Line

John Killbuck, speech to the Govenors of Pennsylvania, Maryland, and Virginia, December 4, 1771.

In a world of warfare: American Indians and the War for Empire

La Barre's failed bluff

Garangula, speech to New France Govenor LaBarre, 1684

Iroquois loyalty turns to disenchantment

Cheda, promise to uphold the Covenant Chain, 1692

Intertribal conflict fostered by Colonists

Gachadow, speech to the Virginia Commissioners at the Treaty of Lancaster, 1744

The Abenakis defy the English

Atiwaneto, speech resisting Colonial expansion, 1752

The Chickasaws appeal for help

Chickasaw Headman, speech to the Govenor of South Carolina, April 5, 1756

French and Indian Wars, or French and English wars?

Deleware Indians response to the Moravian Ambassador, 1758

A new era for Algonkians and Englishmen

Minavavana speech to Alexander Henry, 1761

Pontiac's War

Pontiac, the master of life speaks to the wolf, 1763

The pleas and plight of the Choctaw chiefs.

Choctaw chiefs, speeches to John Stuart, Mobile Alabama, 1772

American Indians and the American Revolution, 1775-1783

The Oneidas declare neutrality

Oneida Indians, speech to Govenor Trumbull, 1775

Joseph Brant, Adresses his Majesty's Secretary of State

Joseph Brant, Address to Lord Germaine, 1776

Cherokees fight for their survival

Corn Tassel, speech at Treaty talks with Virginia and North Carolina

, 1777

The Delawares and the Treaty of Fort Pitt

Delaware Indians, letter to George Morgan, 1779

The Revolution through the eyes of a Seneca woman

Mary Jemison, a view of the Revolution, 1775-1779

The Revolution through Captain Pipes's eyes

Captain Pipe, speech to British Colonel DePeyester, November 1781

Adjusting to the new realities: The Chickaswas' Revolution

Chickasaw Chiefs, message to congress, July 1783

Brant demands the truth

Joseph Brant, message to Govenor Frederick Haldimand, 1783

Indian voices from the new mation

Alexander McGillivray, letter to Govenor Arturo O'Neill, July 10, 1785

The United Nations speech at the Confederate Council, November 28 and December 18, 1786

The world turned upside down

Henry Quaquaquid and Robert Ashpo, petition to the Connecticut State Assembly, May 1789

Joseph Brant weighs Indian and White civilizations

Joseph Brant, Indian vs White civilization, 1789

The continuing conflict over land

Indian representatives, proposal to maintain Indian lands, 1793

Epilogue: surviving as vanishing Americans

Appendices

Treaty between the Abenaki Indians and the English at Casco Bay, 1727

Treaty with the Delawares, 1778

Questions for consideration

Selected Bibiliography

Index.