- Browse
- » Conservation biogeography
Conservation biogeography
Publisher
Wiley-Blackwell
Publication Date
2011
Language
English
Description
Loading Description...
Table of Contents
From the Book
Preface
Acknowledgements
Contributing authors
Part 1. Roots, Relevance, Aims and Values
The Roots of Conservation Biogeography
What is conservation biogeography?
The emergence of conservation biology and conservation biogeography
The scope of conservation biogeography
To what ends?
Outline of the following chapters
Suggested reading
Social Values and Conservation Biogeography
Many values, many goals
The origins and values of different protected area types
Sacred sites
Resource and game reserves
State and country parks
Nature monuments and nature reserves
Wildlife sanctuaries and refuges
Wilderness areas
National parks
Community conservation areas
Reserve designations from international conventions
An international system for categorizing protected areas
Social values and conservation practice
Attitudes to non-native species
Restoration and rewilding
Concluding remarks
For discussion
Suggested reading
Baselines, Patterns and Process
Introduction
Ecosystem composition and function
Balance versus flux
Understanding ecosystems in flux
Defining and using baselines
Baselines derived from relict pristine systems
Baselines derived from long-term ecology
Rewilding
The challenge of rapid environmental change
Adaptive ecosystem management
For discussion
Suggested reading
Part 2. The Distribution of Diversity: Challenges and Applications
Basic Biogeography: Estimating Biodiversity and Mapping Nature
Introduction
Our incomplete knowledge of biodiversity
Why do we map?
Three knowledge shortfalls
The Linnean shortfall
The Wallacean shortfall
The extinction estimate shortfall
The fundamental taxonomic units of conservation biogeography
Species versus other genetically-based conservation units
Evolutionarily Significant Units (ESUs)
Other conservation units
Spatial distributions: from genes to biogeographical regions
Mapping species individually and collectively
Phylogeography
Endemism
Biogeographical regions
Mapping function
Biomes, ecosystems and communities
Ecoregions
Natural units in the marine realm
For discussion
Suggested reading
The Shaping of the Global Protected Area Estate
Origins
Typology of frameworks
Spatial classification of approaches contiguous areas, landscape units and habitat islands
Biogeographical (compositional) versus Ecological (functional) approaches
Strategic goals composition, function, numbers and attributes
Terrestrial protected area schemes
IUCN Biogeographical Regions (Dasmann-Udvardy) scheme
Endemic Bird Areas
Conservation International's hotspots
The WWF Ecoregions scheme
Important Bird Areas and Key Biodiversity Areas
Marine protected areas
Status of the marine realm
Origins and expansion of the marine protected area estate
A global representative system of marine protected areas
Reefs at risk hotspots/threatspots
Large Marine Ecosystems
WWF Global 200 The marine perspective
Coastal Zone Management and critical seascapes
High seas protected areas
Current trends and future directions
For discussion
Suggested reading
Systematic conservation Planning: Past, Present and Future
Introduction
What is systematic conservation planning and why use it?
Concepts and principles
Representativeness
Persistence (adequacy)
Efficiency
Flexibility
Developing a systematic conservation plan
Achieving representation
Achieving persistence
Achieving efficiency
Achieving flexibility
Decision support tools to identify and prioritize new protected areas
Consultation and implementation of systematic conservation plans
What does the future of systematic conservation planning hold?
Conservation planning is a dynamic problem
Conservation assets change through time
A mix of conservation actions could occur at any site
Better economics and socio-economics
Dealing with uncertainty
Properly accounting for threats
Persistence attainable goal or impractical utopia?
How much should we invest in improving a conservation plan?
For discussion
Suggested reading
Part 3. Conservation Planning in a Changing World
Planning for Persistence in a Changing World
Introduction
Using the past to understand the present and predict the future
Predicting future ecosystem responses to changing conditions
Interpreting recent trends in their historical context
Geographical range collapse
Predicting biodiversity change
Modelling the current distributions of species, habitats and biomes
Modelling range shifts
What do we do about it? Dynamic conservation planning
Incorporating dynamic biotic and abiotic processes into conservation plans
Changes in socio-economic factors
Climate change, conservation planning and assisted migration
Closing remarks
For discussion
Suggested reading
Applied Island Biogeography
Introduction
Implications of habitat loss and fragmentation: from theory to evidence
The use of species-area relationships in conservation
Relaxation and the extinction debt
Ecosystem collapse and threshold responses in habitat islands
Species incidence
Minimum viable populations, minimum areas and incidence functions
Metapopulation dynamics
Nestedness
Edge effects
Habitat corridors
Landscape context matrix effects
Emergent guidelines for conservation
For discussion
Suggested reading
Biological Invasions and the Homogenization of Faunas and Floras
The biogeography of species invasions
The invasion process
Human-assisted versus prehistoric invasions
Economic and ecological impacts of invasion
Biotic homogenization
The process of biotic homogenization
Different manifestations of biotic homogenization
Patterns of biotic homogenization
Fishes
Birds
Plants
Mammals
Environmental and human drivers of biotic homogenization
Biotic homogenization and conservation
Novel assemblages
For discussion
Suggested reading
Part 4. Future Directions
Prospects and Challenges
Why we need conservation biogeography
The challenges
Filling the Wallacean and Linnean shortfalls
Improving models, simulations and forecasts
Turning theory into practice
Education, communication and public engagement
Reconciliation ecology and a biogeography of the countryside
Looking to the future
Glossary of terms
References
Index.
Author Notes
Loading Author Notes...
More Details
Contributors
ISBN
9781444335040
9781444335033
9781444335033
Staff View
Loading Staff View.

